|
Accession Number
|
DE2012-1045090
|
|
Title
|
Laboratories for the 21st Century Best Practices. Energy Recovery in Laboratory Facilities.
|
|
Publication Date
|
Jun 2012
|
|
Media Count
|
18p
|
|
Personal Author
|
N/A
|
|
Abstract
|
This guide regarding energy recovery is one in a series on best practices for laboratories. It was produced by Laboratories for the 21st Century ('Labs 21'), a joint program of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Department of Energy. Laboratories typically require 100% outside air for ventilation at higher rates than other commercial buildings. Minimum ventilation is typically provided at air change per hour (ACH) rates in accordance with codes and adopted design standards including Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Standard 1910.1450 (4 to 12 ACH - non-mandatory) or the 2011 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Applications Handbook, Chapter 16 - Laboratories (6 to 12 ACH). While OSHA states this minimum ventilation rate 'should not be relied on for protection from toxic substances released into the laboratory' it specifically indicates that it is intended to 'provide a source of air for breathing and for input to local ventilation devices (e.g., chemical fume hoods or exhausted bio-safety cabinets), to ensure that laboratory air is continually replaced preventing the increase of air concentrations of toxic substances during the working day, direct air flow into the laboratory from non-laboratory areas and out to the exterior of the building.' The heating and cooling energy needed to condition and move this outside air can be 5 to 10 times greater than the amount of energy used in most office buildings. In addition, when the required ventilation rate exceeds the airflow needed to meet the cooling load in low-load laboratories, additional heating energy may be expended to reheat dehumidified supply air from the supply air condition to prevent over cooling.
|
|
Keywords
|
Air flow
Commercial buildings
Cooling load
Cooling systems
Energy recovery
Engineers
Fume hoods
Heat pipes
Heat recovery
Heating
Hot water
Laboratories
Life cycle costs
Payback period
Respiration
US EPA
Ventilation
Working days
|
|
|
Source Agency
|
Technical Information Center Oak Ridge Tennessee
|
|
NTIS Subject Category
|
94K - Laboratory & Test Facility Design & Operation
89B - Architectural Design & Environmental Engineering
97G - Policies, Regulations & Studies
97J - Heating & Cooling Systems
|
|
Corporate Author
|
Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.
|
|
Document Type
|
Technical report
|
|
Title Note
|
N/A
|
|
NTIS Issue Number
|
1303
|
|
Contract Number
|
DE-AC36-08GO28308
|
